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C++ in a Unix Environment
 jbwyatt.com

Although there is much thinking that goes on during programming, there is a mechanical aspect in the construction of a program that, in the beginning, can be tedious and frustrating in its demand for precision.

.. using puTTY to logon to jupiter.clarion.edu

  • Use the putty telnet program running on Windows, to access jupiter.clarion.edu, a Sun machine running Unix.
  • puTTY allows you to connect to jupiter.clarion.edu over the internet.
  • logon to jupiter.clarion.edu
  • use the pico editor to create C++ programs following the logic of your algorithm
  • compile the program
  • execute the program to solve the problem
    •
  • Download puTTy
  • Click on FIRST exe (putty.exe) [note:windows only]
  • Host name is "jupiter.clarion.edu"
    •

  • Save the file. It's ready to run! (double click file to run)


  • do it...

  • enter command: ls

  • You are now using the Unix operating system...
    •     In the LAB

    Note: putty.exe is located on the C drive: (C:/) which can be accessed
       via "My Computer" (windows/E)

.. unix operating system

  • Unix Reference Links
  • Use what Unix command to list your files?
  • Use what Unix command to list your files with details?
  • Use what Unix command to change into your class account?
    •    puTTY on Intel PC connected to jupiter.clarion.edu, a Sun running Unix
   Unix bash shell
   • quota -v
   • ls  [–la] [–lu]  [-R]
   • cd  [tab command completion]
   • mv  [tab command completion]
   • cp  [tab command completion]
   • rm  [tab command completion]
   • CC  [tab command completion]
   • mkdir
   • rmdir
   • ps
   • alias
   • who
   • man

    
•  '&'  running processes in the background / fg/ bg
   'program1 &'  runs in the background
   'ctrl-z' stops program (but can be resumed - NOT killed)
   'bg' resumes in the background
   'fg' brings program into the foreground
   'jobs' shows all jobs
   'ps' shows processes

•  '|'  pipes
   'cat x.out | wc'  puts the output of cat into the wc command
    57      57     556

•  '>'  output redirection
   'ls > x.out'   puts the output of the ls command into a file, x.out

•  '>>'  output redirection and append
   'ls > x.out'   appends the output of the ls command onto a file, x.out

•  '<'  input redirection
   'a.out < x.in' where x.in is a file that has the input for the program

.. editors: pico, emacs and vi

    pico

  • we can easily create a program file (hello.cpp) with pico
    • ( more about pico)

    emacs

    about emacs         emacs tutor 
    emacs is a powerful text editor.  
    
This table is from wikipedia
    

    

    
Command
Keystroke(s)
Description

    

    
forward-char
C-f
Move forward one character (right).

    

    
backward-char
C-b
Move backward one character (left).

    

    
previous-line
C-p
Move to previous line (up).

    

    
next-line
C-n
Move to next line (down).

    

    
forward-word
M-f
Move forward one word.

    

    
backward-word
M-b
Move backward one word.

    

    
beginning-of-line
C-a
Move to beginning of line.

    

    
end-of-line
C-e
Move to end of line.

    

    
isearch-forward
C-s
Start incremental search forward.

    

    
isearch-backward
C-r
Start incremental search backward.

    

    
undo
C-/
Undo last change, and prior changes if pressed repeatedly.

    

    
keyboard-quit
C-g
Abort the current command.

    

    
fill-paragraph
M-q
Wrap text in ("fill") a paragraph.

    

    
find-file
C-x C-f
Visit a file (you specify the name) in its own editor buffer.

    

    
save-buffer
C-x C-s
Save the current editor buffer in its visited file.

    

    
write-file
C-x C-w
Save the current editor buffer as a file with the name you specify.

    

    
save-buffers-kill-emacs
C-x C-c
Offer to save changes, then exit Emacs.

    

    
set-marker
C-[space]/C-@
Set a marker from where you want to cut or copy.

    

    
cut
C-w
Cut all text between the marker and the cursor.

    

    
copy
M-w
Copy all text between the marker and the cursor.

    

    
paste
C-y
Paste text from the emacs clipboard

    

    
paste special
C-x C-r
Paste special text from the emacs clipboard (win32 only)

    

    
kill-buffer
C-x k
Kill a buffer by its name, or the current one if no name specified

    vi and vim 

    Why vi? ( vi tutor)

Despite its age, vi is still an important tool today. This is demonstrated
by the fact that every unix/linux distribution released over the last
twenty years is likely to have a copy installed by default.

Since the original release of vi, many derivatives have been written
(such as vim, vile and elvis), with usability and functionality added along
the way. Because of this, vi is probably one of the most evolved and
stable text editors in the world.

    

Many of the more recent vi clones are also intelligent enough to know
about the type of document you are editing, and will help you out by
automatically indenting your text (in the case of HTML or C, for example)
or by highlighting the syntax to make your work much clearer.

In the great Unix tradition, features that bug you or help you can be
turned on and off at your preference, and spending a few minutes
customising vi to your liking can save you hours of work in the long run.

About the vi editor

.. creating, compiling and executing your c++ program

.. demo: create, compile and run

    //////////////////////////////////
//
// Author : Wyatt Date : 1/1/2000
// Purpose: To ask a user's name and to say hello
// Design: Ask Name
//         Store name
//         greet user using stored name
//
// File: Hello.cpp
/////////////////////////////////
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main ( )
{
  // Local Data
  string firstName;   //input variable

  // Get name from user and store
  cout << "Enter your first name and press return: ";
  cin  >> firstName;

  // Display message and name
  cout << "Hi " << firstName << '.' << endl;
  cout << "We hope you enjoy studying C++ !\n";

  return 0;
}